12-Tungstophosphoric acid anchored to MCM-22, as a novel sustainable catalyst for the synthesis of potential biodiesel blend, levulinate ester

Dhruvi Pithadia, Anjali Patel and Vijay Hatiya

Renewable Energy, 2022, vol. 187, issue C, 933-943

Abstract: The present article demonstrates a synthesis of a green, novel and sustainable heterogeneous catalyst comprising 12-tungstophosphoric acid and zeolitic support- MCM-22. Detailed characterization of the catalyst was carried out using various physicochemical techniques and its catalytic activity was explored for the production of butyl levulinate, a potential fuel blend candidate. The comparison with other phosphotungstate based catalysts showcases the outstanding activity of the present catalyst towards esterification of levulinic acid at 90 °C with 68% conversion, 99% ester selectivity and TOF of 212 h−1. Furthermore, it exhibits excellent reusability for multiple catalytic runs (six runs) and illustrates feasibility for the synthesis of varied levulinate esters (65–78% conversion) having a range of carbon chain lengths (C3–C8).

Keywords: 12-Tungstophosphoric acid; Zeotype MCM-22; Esterification; Levulinate esters; Biodiesel blend (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:187:y:2022:i:c:p:933-943

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.01.106

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