Synergistic effect of acid sites and a gallium-based modified meso-/microporous catalyst for the pyrolysis of biomass

Xiaocui Wei, Yang Cao and Jin Li

Renewable Energy, 2022, vol. 191, issue C, 580-590

Abstract: Single-metal and bimetal catalysts were synthesized by the modification of a meso-/microporous composite catalyst (ZSM-5@SBA-15) with the oxides of gallium, zinc, and nickel by ion exchange (iex) and impregnation (imp). The catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, Py-IR, N2-adsorption-desorption and other techniques. The results revealed that the metal is successfully introduced into the catalyst and that the presence of the metal promotes the conversion of the Brönsted acid to the Lewis acid. The catalysts were applied for biomass pyrolysis to produce bio-oil, and the results revealed that the yields of high value-added products of hydrocarbons (e.g., toluene and naphthalene) obtained by catalytic pyrolysis over bimetal catalysts are significantly improved in comparison with those over a non-metal modified catalyst. Moreover, the possible mechanism for catalytic pyrolysis over the best-performing catalyst of Ga/Zn-ZSM-5@SBA-15-iex (gallium, zinc-modified meso-/microporous ZSM-5@SBA-15 by the ion-exchange method) with the highest aromatic selectivity and effective reduction of carbonyl compounds (e.g., carboxides) was proposed by assuming the systematic comparison of structural features and catalytic performances of various metal/ZSM-5@SBA-15-type catalysts. The study provides guidance for the development of multifunctional catalysts with a synergistic effect of acid sites in the presence of a metal.

Keywords: Bio-oil; Catalytic pyrolysis; Bimetal catalyst; Acid sites; Gallium species (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:191:y:2022:i:c:p:580-590

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.04.048

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