Theoretical modelling and optimization of a geothermal cooling system for solar photovoltaics

D. Lopez-Pascual, I. Valiente-Blanco, M. Fernandez-Munoz and E. Diez-Jimenez

Renewable Energy, 2023, vol. 206, issue C, 357-366

Abstract: Solar cells lose efficiency as the operating temperature increases under normal operating conditions, resulting in a very significant power output reduction. This issue is most relevant in areas with the highest photovoltaic energy harvesting potential, where irradiance and ambient temperature are particularly high. A novel cooling system for commercial photovoltaic modules based on low-enthalpy geothermal cooling is proposed in this paper. Excess heat is evacuated from the solar module in a clean and efficient manner by a single-phase and close-loop cooling circuit that uses the underground as a natural heatsink. In addition, a thermoelectrical theoretical model is presented, that allows the optimization of the flowrate and the maximization of the extra power generation of the cooled module. A prototype was manufactured and tested in outdoor conditions in September 2021 in Spain. Test results are in good agreement with the theoretical model, which has been used for prediction of the performance of the system for a typical meteorological year in the region. A peak efficiency improvement of 10.7% is calculated for the month of July, with an optimal flowrate of 1.8 l/min per square meter of solar module. A yearly weighted average power gain of up to 4.9% is also calculated.

Keywords: Geothermal cooling; Photovoltaics; Efficiency improvement; Active cooling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:206:y:2023:i:c:p:357-366

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.01.098

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