10-Cell direct ammonia solid oxide fuel cell stack design development with improved efficiency and resilience to thermal shock

Ahmed Omer, Iman Rahimipetroudi, Kashif Rashid, Khalid Saif Ullah, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Ishaq Kariim, Jong Eun Hong and Sang Keun Dong

Renewable Energy, 2025, vol. 238, issue C

Abstract: Hydrogen's potential as a green fuel faces a storage challenge, which has prompted recent studies to explore methods to advance solid and liquid storage, with a particular focus on utilizing ammonia. Employing hydrogen in the form of ammonia has shown considerable promise as it capitalizes on well-established and mature technologies. Nevertheless, establishing effective and resilient direct ammonia Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) stacks demands a high degree of congruence with stack design, uniform species distribution, and temperature regulation. This research compared the conventional simple cross flow configuration with a novel approach involving two alternating fuel and air flow configurations within a 10-cell direct ammonia SOFC stack. An experimentally validated model of the direct ammonia SOFC was utilized for multi-physics modeling. The results revealed that the alternating fuel and air stacking method creates a superior ammonia decomposition profile compared to simple cross flow stacking. Moreover, the results demonstrate a lower temperature difference of 55 K within the stack. The implementation of the alternating fuel flow and air flow method enhanced the stack's efficiency by 0.74 %, primarily due to its improved thermal management capabilities within the stack. This study achieved its goal of optimizing a 10-cell direct ammonia SOFC stack by refining the design while maximizing performance and durability.

Keywords: Direct ammonia SOFC; Flow configuration; Species and temperature distribution; Stack performance; CFD modeling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:238:y:2025:i:c:s0960148124018263

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.121758

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