Utilization of geothermal energy: New possibilities for district heating networks in the Baltic states

Aleksandrs Zajacs, Alla Shogenova, Kazbulat Shogenov, Anna Volkova, Saulius Sliaupa, Rasa Sliaupiene and Argo Jõeleht

Renewable Energy, 2025, vol. 242, issue C

Abstract: The Baltic states are among those countries, where the geothermal potential is underestimated and/or not included in the National Energy and Climate Plans by 2030. Insufficient consideration of this potential hinders the development of geothermal technology and poses a challenge to achieving carbon-neutrality goals. While in the Baltic States more than half of heat demand is covered by district heating (DH) systems, energy generation is based on combined heat and power plants (CHPs) and boilers, consuming both biomass and fossil fuels. According to the ambitious national energy plans and targets, it is envisaged to increase the share of renewables in heat production. However, the existing energy policies overlook geothermal energy as one of the potential options.

Keywords: Geothermal energy; Reservoir properties; Heating and cooling networks; Social and economic impacts (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:242:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125000370

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122375

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