Biosynthesis of biolubricant catalyzed by lipase B from Candida antarctica immobilized on nanocomposite of cashew apple bagasse lignin

Hilldyson Moreira Levy, Tigressa Helena Soares Rodrigues, Tiago Lima de Albuquerque, Sant’Ana, Hosiberto Batista, Filipe Xavier Feitosa and Maria Valderez Ponte Rocha

Renewable Energy, 2025, vol. 243, issue C

Abstract: This research investigated the biosynthesis of a promising biolubricant, 2-ethylhexyl oleate (2EHO), catalyzed by Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) immobilized on low-cost support derived from cashew apple bagasse (CAB) lignin. CAB lignin extraction was ensured through an acid-alkali process and used in the synthesis of a composite with magnetite (Lig-MNP), which was used as enzyme support. In the esterification reactions, the acid:alcohol molar ratios, temperatures, and catalytic loads were evaluated. The extraction yield of the CAB lignin was 73 %, and the synthesis yield of Lig-MNP was 56 %. The immobilization yields were greater than 90 %, and the biocatalyst with the highest activity was obtained using 5 mg of protein∙g−1 support, achieving an activity of 12.9 U/g. In the reactions catalyzed by this biocatalyst, the maximum conversion of 2EHO was 90 % using a catalytic load of 40 mg/mL, 1:5 M ratio at 40 °C and 36 h. The immobilized enzyme exhibited operational stability over cycles and was quickly separated between one cycle and another by magnetic action. Purified 2EHO attained above 90 % purities and presented properties necessary for use within a lubricant. These results underscore the potential of biocatalysts in sustainable biolubricant production, offering eco-friendly solutions by utilizing industrial waste.

Keywords: Lignin; Lipase; 2-Ethylhexyl oleate; Sustainable process; Biolubricant (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:243:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125001144

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122452

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