Cost optimization of green hydrogen production from floating solar photovoltaic system

Lek Keng Lim, Wai Shin Ho, Haslenda Hashim, Muhammad Afiq Zubir, Zarina Ab Muis, Wan Choy Chee, Noraziah Muda, Mohd Azimin Elias and Ridzuwan Mohd Jais

Renewable Energy, 2025, vol. 245, issue C

Abstract: The demand for green hydrogen is rising to align with the carbon emission reduction target. Green hydrogen production relies on renewable energy sources, such as solar energy which has huge potential due to its availability. The solar energy is intermittent and battery energy storage systems (BESS) or hydrogen storage in gaseous form can be used to tackle the intermittency of solar energy to ensure a continuous supply of electricity for hydrogen production. Electrolysers such as alkaline electrolyser and Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyser can be used to produce hydrogen. Alkaline electrolysers require stable energy input which can be provided by the BESS. PEM electrolysers that have a faster startup rate can directly use solar energy without energy storage but PEM electrolyser has a higher capital expenditure than alkaline electrolyser. This study aims to compare the cost effectiveness of different type of energy storage (BESS and hydrogen storage in gaseous form) and electrolyser (Alkaline and PEM) by developing an optimization mathematical model via the General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS). The result reveals that the combination of both electrolysers is most cost-effective however PEM electrolyzer is preferable due to low BESS cost. The LCOH for least cost technology pathway is 4.389 USD/kg.

Keywords: Green hydrogen; Floating solar photovoltaic system; Electrolyser; GAMS; Energy storage (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:245:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125004707

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122808

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