Experimental analysis of graphene-COOH/water and TiO2/Water nanofluids in plate heat exchangers: Heat transfer performance and stability

Saeed Zeinali Heris, Siavash Pasvei, Hadi Pourpasha, Yaghoub Mohammadfam, Mohsen Sharifpur and Josua Meyer

Renewable Energy, 2025, vol. 245, issue C

Abstract: This study investigates the thermal performance of nanofluids (NFs) in plate heat exchangers (PHEXs), focusing on graphene-COOH/water and TiO2/water NFs as working fluids. The attributes of nanofluids, such as thermal conductivity (TC), specific heat capacity (SHC), viscosity, and density, were measured using the KD2 pro thermal analyzer, Cannon-Fenske opaque viscometer, and a density meter, which is a distinguishing aspect of this study. The maximum TC value is associated with the graphene-COOH/water nanofluid at 0.05 wt%, showing a 29.6 % increase compared to water. The convection heat transfer coefficient (CHTC) was also notably improved, with graphene-COOH/water achieving a 27.8 % enhancement compared to 15.6 % for TiO2/water. Furthermore, the study reveals that increasing the mass fraction of nanoparticles (NPs) results in a slight increase in pressure drop (ΔP), with a maximum increase of 3.8 % compared to water, which is considered negligible. The graphene-COOH/water NF demonstrated the highest performance index (η) of 1.247 at a Reynolds number of 134.59, indicating a 24.7 % improvement in efficiency. Overall, the findings suggest that the incorporation of NFs, particularly graphene-COOH/water, can significantly enhance the thermal efficiency of PHEXs while maintaining manageable ΔP, making them a promising option for industrial applications.

Keywords: Energy efficiency improvement; Plate heat exchangers; TiO2/Water and graphene-COOH/Water nanofluids; Heat transfer enhancement (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:245:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125004847

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122822

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