Functionalized chitosan-derived porous carbon as a promising catalyst in one-pot conversion of soybean oil to biodiesel

Xinlong Tie, Yun Li, Kai Yuan, Zhengxin Tan, Yitian Liu, Jiang Liu, Hongyan Wang, Chengjia Zhang, Yuanzhe Wan, Chong Zou, Tielin Wang, Weiliang Feng and Xiaoling Duan

Renewable Energy, 2025, vol. 245, issue C

Abstract: Biodiesel production has traditionally been converted using homogeneous acidic or basic catalysts, but both have limitations. In this paper, a functionalized recyclable porous chitosan-based composite catalyst (ZNC) was developed using activator activation during the catalyst preparation process. XRD, SEM, BET, TGA, and FT-IR were used to confirm the successful synthesis of the catalyst. Activators have been found to affect the growth of the skeleton, providing a great porous texture for the carbon skeleton, which can greatly improve the catalytic performance. As expected, the exposed metal sites and functionalized nitrogen of ZNC materials play a key role in the conversion of soybean oil during the preparation of biodiesel. The higher biodiesel yield (95.33 %) was obtained at the defined condition (calcination temperature = 750 °C, calcination time = 5 h, ZnCl2 concentration = 30 %, NH3·H2O concentration = 30 %, reaction temperature = 60 °C, reaction time = 6 h, catalyst loading = 1 wt%, methanol/oil molar ratio = 6:1). The catalyst has higher catalytic.

Keywords: Activator activation; Functionalized; Chitosan-derived carbon; Composite catalyst; Biodiesel (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:245:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125005336

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122871

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