Assessment of wind resource potential at different heights in urban areas: A case study of Beijing

Li Jiang, Xiaodong Ji, Shihan Yang and Zeyu Zhang

Renewable Energy, 2025, vol. 248, issue C

Abstract: Wind resource assessment is essential for wind energy development, particularly in urban areas with unique geographical and climatic conditions, where a comprehensive evaluation across multiple height levels is necessary. In this study, which is based on data from a 325-m meteorological tower in Beijing, wind speed and direction data were statistically analyzed, and air density variations at different heights were calculated. Ultimately, considering the effect of the air density, the wind power density (WPD) and annual energy production (AEP) at various heights were estimated, and the optimal installation conditions for small wind turbines were determined. The results indicated that the wind speed distribution at lower heights followed the generalized extreme value distribution, while that at higher altitudes followed the gamma distribution. The wind direction and speed varied by height and season, with westerly and northwesterly winds prevailing at greater altitudes. The air density could be best fitted with the Weibull distribution, except at certain heights. The WPD and AEP peaked in spring and winter. The WPD increased with height, while energy production peaked at 200 m (10.07 GWh/yr) before declining. It is recommended to install wind turbines at heights between 140 and 200 m, oriented west and northwest, to optimize energy capture. These findings are essential for enhancing small wind turbine efficiency and placement, particularly in space-constrained urban environments.

Keywords: Wind speed; Wind energy assessment; Distributional function; Urban wind power; Air density (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:248:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125008377

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.123175

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