Wind energy resources in the Ionian Sea

D. Karamanis, C. Tsabaris, K. Stamoulis and D. Georgopoulos

Renewable Energy, 2011, vol. 36, issue 2, 815-822

Abstract: The wind speed and direction as well as the availability, the duration and the diurnal variation of two offshore sites, Zakinthos and Pylos (BZK and BPY) in the Ionian Sea were assessed. For an analysis period of two years, the mean wind speed at 10m was determined as 5.7±0.1ms−1 and 5.8±0.1ms−1 for the BZK and BPY sites, respectively. The wind speed variations over the hours of the day were quite small. The monthly variation in the average wind speeds was between 4.3 (May) and 7.5ms−1 (December) for the BZK site and 4.4 (August) and 7.3ms−1 (December) for the BPY site. Moreover, QuikSCAT satellite mean values for the grids of the two buoy regions were systematically overestimated in comparison to the buoy data with differences in the range from 8 to 13%. Statistical analysis revealed the high QuikSCAT data uncertainty for wind speeds less than 5ms−1 as the major factor of the observed mean value differences. The mean wind power densities were calculated with the buoy wind speed measurements and were found more than 250Wm−2 at 10m, suggesting the suitability of the sites for offshore wind energy applications. Capacity factors of up to 48% for energy production were calculated with the existing offshore turbines technology at a hub height of 100m. Furthermore, the energy yield for different wind turbines and a service life of 20 years were determined from 6.5 to 8.7 and the energy pay-back periods from 2.8 to 2.1 years, respectively. The maximum avoided greenhouse emissions were 140kt CO2-e for an offshore turbine generator of 5MW and a period of 20 years.

Keywords: Offshore wind energy; Wind turbines; Renewable energy sources; Sustainable development (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2011
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (7)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:renene:v:36:y:2011:i:2:p:815-822

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2010.08.007

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