Breaking the carbon lock-in: Identifying pathways for Malaysia towards a low-carbon future

Esther Schuch, Maria Apergi, Deborah Yik Kuen Chow, Laima Eicke, Andreas Goldthau, Jude H. Kurniawan, Renato Lima-de-Oliveira, Zhai Gen Tan and Silvia Weko

Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2024, vol. 202, issue C

Abstract: The Paris Agreement requires countries to break away from carbon lock-in, a particular challenge for traditional oil and gas producers. How can these countries overcome path-dependencies to shift from a fossil fuel heavy system to one relying on renewable energy? Malaysia epitomizes this challenge: the country is the second-largest oil producer in Southeast Asia whilst the fossil fuel energy sector takes up nearly 80 % of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with coal energy occupying the largest share. To identify leverage points of energy transitions, we model the structural components influencing the Malaysian energy system and assess the dynamics of interrelating factors. Based on stakeholders' input, we identify main factors influencing Malaysia's energy transition, explore their interactions, and use Cross Impact Balances (CIB) to create scenarios. Our analysis reveals the need to simultaneously disperse the centralized political power to a more diverse set of actors whilst introducing green growth recovery packages to break the carbon lock-in. Whilst focused on Malaysia, the findings contribute more generally to our understanding how fossil fuel reliant emerging economies can break path-dependencies inhibiting the clean energy transition.

Keywords: Energy transition; Emerging economies; CIB; Scenarios; Carbon lock-in (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:202:y:2024:i:c:s0040162524001276

DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123331

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