Sensor placement considering the observability of traffic dynamics: On the algebraic and graphical perspectives

Xinyue Hu and Yueyue Fan

Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 2024, vol. 189, issue C

Abstract: In this paper, we present a new sensor location model that aims to maximize observability of link densities in a dynamic traffic network described using a piecewise linear system of ordinary differential equations. We develop an algebraic approach based on the eigenstructure to determine the sensor location for achieving full observability with a minimal number of sensors. Additionally, a graphical approach based on the concept of structural observability is developed. By exploiting the special property of flow conservation in traffic networks, we derive a simple analytical result that can be used to identify observable components in a partially observable system, which is the main contribution of this paper. The graphical and algebraic properties of observability are then integrated into a sensor location optimization model considering a wide range of traffic conditions. Through numerical experiments, we demonstrate the good performance of our sensor deployment strategies in terms of the average observability and estimation errors.

Keywords: Dynamic traffic networks; Sensor location problem; Exact observability; Structural observability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2024.103057

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