Greening the labour market: how decarbonization reshapes wages for women and skilled workers in Taiwan

Yu-cheng Lai

International Journal of Manpower, 2026, vol. 47, issue 9, 1029-1047

Abstract: PurposeThis study examines how decarbonization and business research and development (R&D) investment affect wages in Taiwan, with particular attention to skilled female employees during the transition to a low-carbon economy.Design/methodology/approachUsing pooled cross-sectional data from 2015–2020, this study estimates wage equations incorporating industry and year fixed effects. Potential endogeneity is assessed using the Durbin–Wu–Hausman (DWH) test, while a Heckman two-stage model is employed to correct for sample selection bias.FindingsThe results show that R&D-led decarbonization has uneven wage effects among female employees. Skilled female employees benefit most from innovation-driven adjustment during the low-carbon transition.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by integrating decarbonization, R&D investment, and female wage outcomes within a unified framework. The findings highlight how green transitions can generate uneven labour-market effects and demonstrate the importance of skill formation and innovation policy in promoting inclusive growth.

Keywords: Decarbonization; R&D investments; Skilled labour; Wages; Taiwan (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eme:ijmpps:ijm-04-2025-0306

DOI: 10.1108/IJM-04-2025-0306

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