Structural and Physicochemical Characterization of Chitosan Obtained by UAE and Its Effect on the Growth Inhibition of Pythium ultimum

Héctor Martín-López, Soledad Cecilia Pech-Cohuo, Emanuel Herrera-Pool, Nelly Medina-Torres, Juan Carlos Cuevas-Bernardino, Teresa Ayora-Talavera, Hugo Espinosa-Andrews, Ana Ramos-Díaz, Stéphane Trombotto and Neith Pacheco
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Héctor Martín-López: Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Soledad Cecilia Pech-Cohuo: Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Emanuel Herrera-Pool: Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Nelly Medina-Torres: Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Juan Carlos Cuevas-Bernardino: CONACYT—Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC, Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Teresa Ayora-Talavera: Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Hugo Espinosa-Andrews: CIATEJ Zapopan Unit, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019 Zapopan Jalisco, Mexico
Ana Ramos-Díaz: Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Stéphane Trombotto: Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), CNRS UMR 5223, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
Neith Pacheco: Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico

Agriculture, 2020, vol. 10, issue 10, 1-15

Abstract: The objective of this work was the recovery of chitosan by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) from white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) chitin, and the physicochemical and structural characterization of the obtained biopolymer, as well as its antimicrobial effect on Pythium ultimum growth. A 2 3 factorial design was used to evaluate chitosan extraction conditions. Instrumental analysis techniques for chitosan characterization and radial growth inhibition, as an antifungal activity test, were performed. The ultrasonically extracted chitosan (UC) reached a yield of 86.96% with 100% solubility, a degree of deacetylation (DDA) >78%, molecular weight ( M W ) of 3.928 × 10 5 g mol −1 , and a crystallinity index ( Icr ) of 87%, calculated through nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The inhibitory activity of the chitosan was evaluated against the oomycete Pythium ultimum , observing a 93% radial inhibition over 24 h. UAE proved to be an excellent alternative to the conventional deacetylation, reducing reaction time and obtaining a UC with higher M W and ( Icr ) than the commercial one, which could potentiate its applications.

Keywords: antimicrobial activity; chitosan; deacetylation; Litopenaeus vannamei; Pythium ultimum; ultrasound-assisted extraction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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