Genotype and Sowing Time Effects on Soybean Yield and Quality

Violeta Mandić, Snežana Đorđević, Nikola Đorđević, Zorica Bijelić, Vesna Krnjaja, Maja Petričević and Milan Brankov
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Violeta Mandić: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Autoput 16, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
Snežana Đorđević: Agrounik d.o.o., Milana Uzelca 11, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
Nikola Đorđević: Biounik d.o.o., Milana Uzelca 11, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
Zorica Bijelić: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Autoput 16, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
Vesna Krnjaja: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Autoput 16, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
Maja Petričević: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Autoput 16, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
Milan Brankov: Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia

Agriculture, 2020, vol. 10, issue 11, 1-9

Abstract: The successful production of soybeans is largely dependent on the sowing time, because every sowing outside the optimal time contributes significantly to yield losses. This field study aimed to evaluate the effects of sowing time (optimal—April 5; late—April 27) on the quantitative and quality traits of three soybean genotypes (Galina—0 maturity group; Sava—I maturity group; and Rubin—II maturity group) under dryland conditions in Vojvodina Province (Serbia) during 2017 and 2018. The genotype Sava had higher yield in climatic-unfavorable 2017, while Rubin had a higher yield in climatic-favorable 2018. The yields significantly decreased when the soybeans were sown in late April due to reductions in the number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, and 1000-seed weight. The reduction in yield components was likely due to the accelerated senescence of plants and the negative effect of high temperature and low precipitation during the seed filling stage. Accordingly, the various sowing times and properly chosen genotypes provide a better utilization of soil and water resources. A proper genotype selection and sowing time can contribute to a high yield. At the same time, the protein and oil contents can be altered by the sowing time, especially under water stress during the reproductive stage.

Keywords: soybean; yield; sowing time; morphological traits; components of yield (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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