Effect of Vineyard Floor Management on Seasonal Changes of Cultivable Fungal Diversity in the Rhizosphere

Barnabás Kovács, Csaba Dobolyi, Flóra Sebők, László Kocsis and Zoltán Tóth
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Barnabás Kovács: Horticulture Department, Georgikon Faculty, Szent István University, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary
Csaba Dobolyi: Department of Environmental Protection and Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Flóra Sebők: Department of Environmental Protection and Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
László Kocsis: Horticulture Department, Georgikon Faculty, Szent István University, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary
Zoltán Tóth: Department of Crop Production and Soil Science, Georgikon Faculty, Szent István University, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary

Agriculture, 2020, vol. 10, issue 11, 1-12

Abstract: Vineyard floor management has been widely discussed for many decades, but it is still unclear how its intensity levels change the fungal community structure of grape rhizosphere. Our objective was to examine the density and rate of the habitats of fungi in three vineyards that differ only in the methods of tillage procedure applied, namely intensive, extensive and none (abandoned). The hypothesis was that in the cases of lower intensity or no soil tillage, there would be a higher level of fungal diversity with a lower ratio of pathogen strains in grape rhizosphere. In the course of this research, it has been determined that the level of fungal colonization of roots is the highest in the extensively managed vineyard, unrelated to season (spring and summer). Four of the five fungal genera detectable in all of the three sampled vineyards are registered as opportunist grape pathogens, however the fifth one, Trichoderma , is commonly used in biological plant protection. The diversity of fungal communities in grape rhizosphere, in accordance with the expectations, was the lowest in the intensively cultivated and highest in the abandoned vineyard, and it was not affected by seasons. The proportion of opportunist plant pathogen groups was higher in the intensive variant than in the other two (less-intensive variants); therefore, it is possible to conclude that soil under similar conditions but disturbed by intensive tillage methods tends to exhibit lower suppressivity.

Keywords: soil management; fungal community; tillage; sustainability; intensity level (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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