Organic Cropping System Affects Grain Chemical Composition, Rheological and Agronomic Performance of Durum Wheat

Gaetano Pandino, Emanuela Mattiolo, Sara Lombardo, Grazia Maria Lombardo and Giovanni Mauromicale
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Gaetano Pandino: Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Emanuela Mattiolo: Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Sara Lombardo: Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Grazia Maria Lombardo: Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Giovanni Mauromicale: Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy

Agriculture, 2020, vol. 10, issue 2, 1-14

Abstract: Durum wheat plays a central role for Italy, a country characterized by an historical tradition of pasta making. This crop is one of the major sources of starch in the Mediterranean diet, also providing substantial amounts of nutrients, either essential or healthy, such as minerals and phytochemicals. In this study, the effect of cropping system (organic (ORG) and conventional (CONV)) on the content of proteins, wet gluten, minerals, and total polyphenols (TPC), as well as on the antioxidant activity (AA) and yield characteristics were evaluated in nine genotypes of whole durum wheat. The analysis of variance confirmed the key role of cropping system, which explained more than 50% of the total variation for some minerals (Na, K, and Fe), and more than 80% for proteins, wet gluten, and TPC. The CONV reported the highest levels of proteins, wet gluten, and ash, whereas the TPC and AA were statistically higher in the ORG ones. The quality traits under study were also genotype dependent. For instance, ‘Ramirez’ had a higher ash content under ORG than CONV, while ‘Core’ had an opposite behavior. This study provides a better understanding about the effect of both cropping system (ORG vs. CONV) and genotype on the yield and qualitative traits of the whole grain durum wheat.

Keywords: cropping system; antioxidant activity; wet gluten; polyphenols; minerals (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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