Wild Relatives of Wheat Respond Well to Water Deficit Stress: A Comparative Study of Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Their Encoding Gene Expression

Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh, Mansoor Omidi, Mohammad Reza Naghavi, Alireza Etminan, Ali Ashraf Mehrabi and Peter Poczai
Additional contact information
Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh: Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj P.O. Box 3183964653, Iran
Mansoor Omidi: Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural College, University of Tehran, Karaj P.O. Box 31587-77871, Iran
Mohammad Reza Naghavi: Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural College, University of Tehran, Karaj P.O. Box 31587-77871, Iran
Alireza Etminan: Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah P.O. Box 6718997551, Iran
Ali Ashraf Mehrabi: Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ilam University, Ilam P.O. Box 69315516, Iran
Peter Poczai: Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland

Agriculture, 2020, vol. 10, issue 9, 1-13

Abstract: Previous studies have revealed that some wild wheat accessions respond well to water deficit treatments and have a good potential in terms of photosynthetic parameters, root system architecture, and several physiological properties. However, the biochemical responses and molecular mechanisms of antioxidant-encoding genes remain to be elucidated. Herein, we investigated the most tolerant accessions from A. crassa , Ae. tauschii , and Ae. cylindrica previously identified from a core collection in previous studies, along with a control variety of bread wheat ( T. aestivum cv. Sirvan) through measuring the shoot fresh and dry biomasses; the activities of antioxidant enzymes (including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and peroxidase (POD)); and the relative expression of CAT , superoxide dismutase ( MnSOD ), and GPX and APX genes under control and water deficit conditions. Water deficit stress caused a significant decrease in the shoot biomasses but resulted in an increase in the activity of all antioxidant enzymes and relative expression of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes. Principal component analysis showed a strong association between the shoot dry biomass and the activity of CAT, POD, and APX, as well as MnSOD gene expression. Thus, these traits can be used as biomarkers to screen the tolerant plant material in the early growth stage. Taken together, our findings exposed the fact that Ae. tauschii and Ae. crassa respond better to water deficit stress than Ae. cylindrica and a control variety. Furthermore, these accessions can be subjected to further molecular investigation.

Keywords: Aegilops spp.; oxidative stress; gene expression; physio-chemical properties; enzyme activity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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