Effective Seed Yield and Flowering Synchrony of Parents of CIMMYT Three-Way-Cross Tropical Maize Hybrids

Alberto A. Chassaigne-Ricciulli, Leopoldo E. Mendoza-Onofre, Leobigildo Córdova-Téllez, Aquiles Carballo-Carballo, Félix M. San Vicente-García and Thanda Dhliwayo
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Alberto A. Chassaigne-Ricciulli: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, Mexico City 06600, Mexico
Leopoldo E. Mendoza-Onofre: Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carretera México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo Código Postal 56230, Mexico
Leobigildo Córdova-Téllez: Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carretera México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo Código Postal 56230, Mexico
Aquiles Carballo-Carballo: Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carretera México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo Código Postal 56230, Mexico
Félix M. San Vicente-García: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, Mexico City 06600, Mexico
Thanda Dhliwayo: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, Mexico City 06600, Mexico

Agriculture, 2021, vol. 11, issue 2, 1-19

Abstract: Genotype, environmental temperature, and agronomic management of parents influence seed yield in three-way cross hybrid maize seed production. The objective of this research was to generate information on the seed production of six three-way cross hybrids and their progenitors, adapted to tropical lowlands. Data on days to—and duration of—flowering, distance to spike and stigmas, and seed yield of five female single crosses and five male inbred lines were recorded for different combinations of four planting densities and four sowing dates in Mexico. The effect of planting density was not significant. The male inbred line T10 was the earliest and highest seed yield and T31 the latest, occupying second place in yield. The single crosses T32/T10 and T13/T14 were the earliest and had the highest effective seed yield. At the earliest sowing date, the females were later in their flowering, accumulated fewer growing degree days (GDD), and obtained higher yields since the grain-filling period coincided with hot days and cool nights. To achieve greater floral synchronization and therefore greater production of hybrid seed, differential planting dates for parents are recommended based on information from the accumulated GDD of each parent. The three-way cross hybrids were classified according to the expected seed yield of the females and the complexity in the synchronization of flowering of their parents.

Keywords: Zea mays L.; single-cross female; growing degree days; hybridization; seed production (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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