Influence of Mechanical and Intelligent Robotic Weed Control Methods on Energy Efficiency and Environment in Organic Sugar Beet Production

Indrė Bručienė, Domantas Aleliūnas, Egidijus Šarauskis and Kęstutis Romaneckas
Additional contact information
Indrė Bručienė: Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
Domantas Aleliūnas: Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
Egidijus Šarauskis: Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
Kęstutis Romaneckas: Institute of Agroecosystems and Soil Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania

Agriculture, 2021, vol. 11, issue 5, 1-17

Abstract: Rapidly warming climate, tightening environmental requirements, an aging society, rising wages, and demand for organic products are forcing farming to be more efficient and sustainable. The main aim of this study was to perform an analytical analysis and to determine the energy use and GHG emissions of organic sugar beet production using different weed control methods. Seven different methods of non-chemical weed control were compared. Mechanical inter-row loosening, inter-row cutting and mulching with weeds, weed smothering with catch crops, and thermal inter-row steaming were performed in field experiments at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania, 2015–2017). The other three, namely, automated mechanical inter-row loosening with cameras for row-tracking, inter-row loosening with a diesel-powered robot, and inter-row loosening with an electric robot were calculated analytically. The results showed that the average total energy use of organic sugar beet production was 27,844 MJ ha −1 , of which manure costs accounted for 48–53% and diesel fuel for 29–35%. An average energy efficiency ratio was 7.18, while energy productivity was 1.83 kg MJ ha −1 . Analysis of GHG emissions showed that the total average GHG emissions to the environment from organic sugar beet production amounted to 4552 kg CO 2eq ha −1 , and the average GHG emissions ratio was 4.47. The most sustainable organic sugar beet production was achieved by using mechanical inter-row loosening with a diesel-powered robot for weed control.

Keywords: energy indicators; GHG emissions; organic farming; sugar beet; non-chemical weed control; robots (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/5/449/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/5/449/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:5:p:449-:d:555392

Access Statistics for this article

Agriculture is currently edited by Ms. Leda Xuan

More articles in Agriculture from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().