Genetic Variability, Correlation among Agronomic Traits, and Genetic Progress in a Sugarcane Diversity Panel

Fernanda Zatti Barreto, Thiago Willian Almeida Balsalobre, Roberto Giacomini Chapola, Antonio Augusto Franco Garcia, Anete Pereira Souza, Hermann Paulo Hoffmann, Rodrigo Gazaffi and Monalisa Sampaio Carneiro
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Fernanda Zatti Barreto: Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Biotecnologia e Produção Vegetal e Animal, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras CEP 13604-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Thiago Willian Almeida Balsalobre: Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Biotecnologia e Produção Vegetal e Animal, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras CEP 13604-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Roberto Giacomini Chapola: Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Biotecnologia e Produção Vegetal e Animal, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras CEP 13604-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Antonio Augusto Franco Garcia: Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba CEP 13418-260, São Paulo, Brazil
Anete Pereira Souza: Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas CEP 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil
Hermann Paulo Hoffmann: Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Biotecnologia e Produção Vegetal e Animal, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras CEP 13604-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Rodrigo Gazaffi: Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Biotecnologia e Produção Vegetal e Animal, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras CEP 13604-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Monalisa Sampaio Carneiro: Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Biotecnologia e Produção Vegetal e Animal, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras CEP 13604-900, São Paulo, Brazil

Agriculture, 2021, vol. 11, issue 6, 1-15

Abstract: Sugarcane breeding programs require 15 years of experimentation to create more productive cultivars, and estimates of genetic progress can indicate the efficiency of breeding programs. In this study, we used a diversity panel, the Brazilian Panel of Sugarcane Genotypes (BPSG), with the following objectives: (i) to estimate, through a mixed model, the adjusted means and genetic parameters of ten traits evaluated over three harvest years; (ii) to estimate genotypic correlation among those traits; and (iii) to estimate genetic progress over six decades of breeding. The heritabilities ranged from 0.43 to 0.88, and we detected 42 significant correlations, 9 negative and 33 positive. Over six decades, the sucrose-related traits BRIX, POL%C, and POL%J showed an average increase per decade of 0.27 °Brix, 0.26% and 0.31%, respectively. Stalk number, height, and weight of the plot, and cane and sucrose yields revealed average increases per decade of 3.27 stalks, 0.06 m, 9.42 kg, 11.22 t/ha, and 2.08 t/ha, respectively. The genetic progress of the main agronomic traits is discussed through a historical series of sugarcane genotypes present in the BPSG. The findings of this study could contribute to the management of new breeding strategies and allow for future studies of associative mapping.

Keywords: genetic progress; germplasm; mixed model; conventional breeding; yield potential (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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