Increased Activity of 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate Synthase (EPSPS) Enzyme Describe the Natural Tolerance of Vulpia myuros to Glyphosate in Comparison with Apera spica-venti

Muhammad Javaid Akhter, Solvejg Kopp Mathiassen, Zelalem Eshetu Bekalu, Henrik Brinch-Pedersen and Per Kudsk
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Muhammad Javaid Akhter: Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
Solvejg Kopp Mathiassen: Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
Zelalem Eshetu Bekalu: Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
Henrik Brinch-Pedersen: Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
Per Kudsk: Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark

Agriculture, 2021, vol. 11, issue 8, 1-15

Abstract: Rattail fescue ( Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel.) is a self-pollinating winter annual grassy weed of winter annual crops. The problems with V. myuros are mostly associated with no-till cropping systems where glyphosate application before sowing or emergence of the crop is the most important control measure. Ineffective V. myuros control has been reported following glyphosate applications. Experiments were performed to study the effectiveness of glyphosate on V. myuros, and determine the causes of the lower performance of glyphosate on V. myuros compared to other grass weeds. Estimated GR 50 values demonstrated that V. myuros was less susceptible to glyphosate than Apera spica-venti regardless of the growth stage. Within each species, glyphosate efficacy at different growth stages was closely related to spray retention. However, the low susceptibility to glyphosate in V. myuros was not caused by lower retention as previously suggested. A significantly lower shikimic acid accumulation in V. myuros compared to A. spica-venti was associated with a higher activity of the EPSPS enzyme in V. myuros . Nevertheless, the relative responses in EPSPS activity to different glyphosate concentrations were similar in the two grass species, which indicate that EPSPS from V. myuros is as susceptible to glyphosate as EPSPS from A. spica-venti suggesting no alternation in the binding site of EPSPS. The results from the current study indicate that V. myuros is less susceptible to glyphosate compared to A. spica-venti, and the low susceptibility of V. myuros is caused by an increased EPSPS enzyme activity.

Keywords: chemical control; spray retention; narrow leaves; tolerance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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