PPO2 Mutations in Amaranthus palmeri: Implications on Cross-Resistance

Pâmela Carvalho-Moore, Gulab Rangani, James Heiser, Douglas Findley, Steven J. Bowe and Nilda Roma-Burgos
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Pâmela Carvalho-Moore: Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
Gulab Rangani: Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
James Heiser: Fisher Delta Research Center, College of Agriculture, University of Missouri, Portageville, MO 63873, USA
Douglas Findley: BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
Steven J. Bowe: BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
Nilda Roma-Burgos: Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA

Agriculture, 2021, vol. 11, issue 8, 1-13

Abstract: In Arkansas, resistance to protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicides in Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. is mainly due to target site mutations. Although A. palmeri PPO-mutations are well investigated, the cross-resistance that each ppo mutant endows to weed populations is not yet well understood. We aimed to evaluate the response of PPO-resistant A. palmeri accessions, harboring the ppo2 mutations Δ G210 and G399A , to multiple PPO-inhibiting herbicides. Six resistant and one susceptible field accessions were subjected to a dose–response assay with fomesafen, and selected survivors from different fomesafen doses were genotyped to characterize the mutation profile. The level of resistance to fomesafen was determined and a cross-resistance assay was conducted with 1 and 2 times the labeled doses of selected PPO herbicides. The accession with higher predicted dose to control 50% of the population (ED50) had a higher frequency of Δ G210 -homozygous survivors. Survivors harboring both mutations, and those that were Δ G210 -homozygous, incurred less injury at the highest fomesafen rate tested (1120 g ai ha −1 ). The populations with a high frequency of Δ G210 -homozygous survivors, and those with individuals harboring Δ G210 + G399A mutations, exhibited high potential for cross-resistance to other PPO herbicides. The new PPO–herbicide chemistries (saflufenacil, trifludimoxazin) generally controlled the PPO-resistant populations.

Keywords: Amaranthus palmeri; protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO); herbicide resistance; target-site resistance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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