In Vitro Shoot Culture of Sesuvium portulacastrum: An Important Plant for Phytoremediation

Weihong He, Dan Wang, Nan Yang, Dingding Cao, Xiaofeng Chen, Jianjun Chen and Xiangying Wei
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Weihong He: Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
Dan Wang: Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
Nan Yang: Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
Dingding Cao: Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
Xiaofeng Chen: Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
Jianjun Chen: Environmental Horticulture Department and Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida, 2725 S. Binion Road, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
Xiangying Wei: Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China

Agriculture, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Sesuvium portulacastrum L., a member of the family Aizoaceae , is an important coastal halophyte. Due to its adaptability to salinity and heavy metals, S. portulacastrum has now been widely used for the phytoremediation of saline soils and wastewater and the protection of the coast from erosion. The increasing use of this plant requires a large number of propagules. Stem cutting propagation and seed germination cannot meet this demand, and such propagations can initiate and spread diseases. A recent occurrence of Bipolaris sesuvii J.Z. Zhang and Gibbago trianthemae E.G. Simmons in S. portulacastrum resulted in the substantial loss of the plants during the remediation of aquaculture wastewater. Thus, there is an urgent need for establishing efficient methods of propagating disease-free starting materials. In the present study, we evaluated different growth regulators in the induction of axillary shoots from nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium and identified that zeatin (ZT) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was an appropriate combination for inducing high numbers of axillary shoots. The nodal explants were then cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of ZT and NAA, and the combination of ZT at 1.0 mg L −1 and NAA at 0.3 mg L −1 induced more than 12 axillary shoots per explant. The axillary shoots were excised to produce microcuttings or microshoots, which were rooted on half-strength MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The results showed that IBA at 0.6 mg L −1 induced 91.7% of the microcuttings to root with root numbers of over 36 per cutting. The rooted plantlets were healthy and true-to-type and grew vigorously in plug trays or plastic containers with a 100% survey rate in a greenhouse. Thus, this established protocol could be used for the rapid propagation of genetically identical and disease-free plants of S. portulacastrum for phytoremediation and the protection of shoreline soils from erosion.

Keywords: axillary shoots; disease-free plants; in vitro rooting; micropropagation; phytoremediation; Sesuvium portulacastrum L.; shoot culture (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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