Phenotypic Plasticity in Bud Fruitfulness Expressed in Two Distinct Wine Grape Cultivars Grown under Three Different Pedoclimatic Conditions

Elisabetta Nicolosi, Angelo Sicilia, Filippo Ferlito (), Antonello Bonfante, Eugenia Monaco and Angela Roberta Lo Piero
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Elisabetta Nicolosi: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Angelo Sicilia: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Filippo Ferlito: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
Antonello Bonfante: Institute for Mediterranean Agricultural and Forest Systems—CNR-ISAFOM, National Research Council, Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
Eugenia Monaco: Institute for Mediterranean Agricultural and Forest Systems—CNR-ISAFOM, National Research Council, Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
Angela Roberta Lo Piero: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 10, 1-20

Abstract: The effects of interactions between the genotype and environmental conditions are expressed in the phenotype. Comparing the performances of genotypes under the same range of environmental conditions allows for relative measurements to be made of the different levels of plasticity among those genotypes. The objective of this research was to evaluate the different responses of two wine grape cultivars, native Aglianico and international Cabernet Sauvignon, under different pedoclimatic conditions in terms of the functional traits that govern grapevine bud fruitfulness, vegetative growth, and yield development. The study was conducted over two consecutive seasons (2020 and 2021), in six commercial Vitis vinifera L. vineyards, located in three distinct viticultural regions of central-southern Italy (Molise, Campania, and Sicily). In each experimental vineyard, the bud fruitfulness, number of leaves, total leaf area per vine, midday vine water status, and fruit yield were measured. The obtained results showed that bud fruitfulness was higher for Aglianico than for Cabernet Sauvignon in each experimental site, while the variability of plant responses between the vineyards was lower for Cabernet Sauvignon cultivar compared to those for Aglianico. The genetic × environmental interactions were expressed predominantly during berry ripening stages, while plasticity was generally greater in Aglianico than in Cabernet Sauvignon.

Keywords: climate change; Aglianico; Cabernet Sauvignon; morphology; leaf area; leaf water potential; canopy; drought stress (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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