Traditional and Conditional QTL Analysis of Kernel Size- and Shape-Related Traits in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

Xiaoli Fan, Xiaofeng Liu, Shaodan Guo, Bo Feng, Qiang Zhou, Guangbing Deng, Hai Long, Zhibin Xu () and Tao Wang ()
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Xiaoli Fan: Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Xiaofeng Liu: Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Shaodan Guo: Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Bo Feng: Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Qiang Zhou: Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Guangbing Deng: Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Hai Long: Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Zhibin Xu: Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Tao Wang: The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 10, 1-18

Abstract: Optimal kernel size and shape were critical in improving the wheat yield potential and processing quality. A traditional and conditional QTL analysis for kernel-related traits was performed using 152 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Zhongkemai 138 (ZKM138) and Kechengmai 2, whose kernel size showed significant differences. A total of 48 traditional QTLs (LOD: 3.69–14.20) were identified, with twenty-six QTLs distributed across five genomic regions. Each had at least one major stable QTL for kernel-related traits. We deduced from the co-location and conditional QTL analysis results that R3D and R4B.1 primarily controlled kernel shape, while R4D, R6A, and R6D2 primarily contributed to kernel size and the final thousand-kernel weight, potentially providing the genetic basis for the ZKM138’s high TKW and large-kernel performance. R4D may be involved with Rht2 , and the possible regulatory effects of the other four QTL clusters are more likely to be influenced by unknown genes. The KASP markers validated their effect on kernel-related traits, and they were used to analyze the transmissibility and distribution of superior genotypes in ZKM138 derivatives and global wheat cultivars, respectively. These findings may serve as a reference for future genetic improvement of the ideal kernel morphology.

Keywords: kernel size; kernel shape; conditional QTL; thousand-kernel weight; MAS (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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