Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. (Poaceae) Differentially Responds to Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides through Micro-Structural Alterations

Sidra Riaz, Sana Basharat, Farooq Ahmad, Mansoor Hameed, Sana Fatima, Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad (), Syed Mohsan Raza Shah, Ansa Asghar, Mohamed A. El-Sheikh and Prashant Kaushik
Additional contact information
Sidra Riaz: Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Sana Basharat: Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal 51600, Pakistan
Farooq Ahmad: Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Mansoor Hameed: Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Sana Fatima: Department of Botany, The Government Sadiq College University, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad: Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Syed Mohsan Raza Shah: Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
Ansa Asghar: Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Mohamed A. El-Sheikh: Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Prashant Kaushik: Independent Researcher, 46022 Valencia, Spain

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 11, 1-21

Abstract: Herbicides are widely used to kill weeds and increase crop production all over the world. Nevertheless, some weeds show certain structural modifications in response to herbicide application that impart mostly partial or sometimes complete tolerance to these noxious plants. The present study was focused on morpho-anatomical modifications in the root, stem, and leaves of Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. treated with different herbicides and to examine whether it possesses tolerance against herbicides. Two pre- and four post-emergence herbicides were applied to D. aegyptium at the recommended dose in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Pre-emergence herbicide Bromoxynil enhanced root growth (30%), leaves per plant (3%), and leaf fresh weight (17.2%). Increased stem epidermal thickness (100%) was the most notable feature among anatomical attributes. Post-emergence herbicides generally increased stem epidermal thickness 33–56%), leaf sheath thickness (5%), and root area in roots. Other modifications included increased sclerenchymatous thickness in the stem (133–255%), and epidermal thickness (100–200%) in the leaf blade. These characters assisted D. aegyptium to cope with herbicide toxicity. Collectively, pre-emergence herbicides more effectively controlled D. aegyptium compared with post-emergence herbicides.

Keywords: Egyptian crowfoot grass; pre-emergence; post-emergence; herbicide tolerance; anatomical modifications (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/11/1831/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/11/1831/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:11:p:1831-:d:960534

Access Statistics for this article

Agriculture is currently edited by Ms. Leda Xuan

More articles in Agriculture from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().