What Was the Reason for the Durable Effect of Sr31 against Wheat Stem Rust?

Lyudmila Plotnikova (), Violetta Pozherukova, Valeria Knaub and Yuryi Kashuba
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Lyudmila Plotnikova: Agrotechnological Faculty, Omsk State Agrarian University Named after P.A. Stolypin, 644008 Omsk, Russia
Violetta Pozherukova: Agrotechnological Faculty, Omsk State Agrarian University Named after P.A. Stolypin, 644008 Omsk, Russia
Valeria Knaub: Agrotechnological Faculty, Omsk State Agrarian University Named after P.A. Stolypin, 644008 Omsk, Russia
Yuryi Kashuba: Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, 644012 Omsk, Russia

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 12, 1-18

Abstract: Common wheat cultivars have been protected from stem rust for several decades worldwide by the Sr31 resistance gene transferred from Secale cereale L. (cv. Petkus). In 1998, Sr31 was overcome in Uganda by the Ug99 race of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn. ( Pgt ). The Ug99 race and its derivatives have spread widely in Africa, neighboring regions and Europe. However, Sr31 remains effective in other areas of the world, including Russia. To breed wheat with durable resistance, it is promising to research the resistance mechanisms of nonhost species and introgressive cultivars. The aim of the research was to estimate the resistance of S. cereale and Triticum aestivum cultivars with Sr31 to stem rust and to study the mechanisms of incompatibility of Pgt with plants at the cellular level. The research was carried out in Western Siberia (Russia, Omsk region) in 2018–2022. Rye and wheat with Sr31 (cvs. Kavkaz, Seri 82, Bacanora (=Kauz’s’), NIL Thatcher Tc Lr26 / Sr31 ) were resistant at the stages of seedling and adult plant, and cv. PWB343 was more susceptible to disease. Cytological studies have shown that Pgt died on the rye plants on the surface, and cv. Petkus intensively suppressed the development of the appressoria necessary to penetrate into tissues. Wheat cultivars inhibited the Pgt development mainly on the surface and while it attempted to penetrate into the stomata (pre-haustorial resistance). It has been demonstrated that Pgt has to adapt step-by-step to the surface and tissue properties for compatible interaction, which may be the reason for the durable effectiveness of Sr31 .

Keywords: Triticum aestivum; Secale cereale; stem rust; nonhost; Sr31; durable resistance; preinvasion barriers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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