Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis XZ18-3 as a Biocontrol Agent against Rhizoctonia cerealis on Wheat

Yanjie Yi, Pengyu Luan, Shifei Liu, Youtian Shan, Zhipeng Hou, Shuyun Zhao, Shao Jia and Ruifang Li
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Yanjie Yi: School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Pengyu Luan: School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Shifei Liu: School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Youtian Shan: School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Zhipeng Hou: School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Shuyun Zhao: School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Shao Jia: School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Ruifang Li: School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 2, 1-15

Abstract: Rhizoctonia cerealis is a major fungal pathogen of wheat that causes great yield losses in all wheat-growing regions of the world. The biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis XZ18-3 was investigated for inhibiting R. cerealis growth in wheat. The results of the mycelial growth test showed that the sterile filtrate of B . subtilis XZ18-3 could significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of R. cerealis and cause swelling and rupture of the mycelium. Observation by transmission electron microscopy indicated that the sterile filtrate could penetrate the cellular membrane of Rhizoctonia cerealis , resulting in organelle destruction. The effect of the sterile filtrates on the pathogen cells, shown through fluorescent microscopy using different stains, revealed the mechanism by which the sterile filtrate caused DNA fragmentation, accumulation of ROS and changes in cell membrane permeability. To reach a better treatment of the soil-borne fungi, the components of a wettable powder were screened and an optimised formula determined (30.0% kaolin, 4.0% polyvinyl alcohol, 8.0% Tween-80, 2.0% polyethylene glycol and 100% fermentation broth). A quality index analysis revealed that the wetting powder reached acceptable biological pesticide standards. Pot control experiments showed that the wettable powder of B . subtilis XZ18-3 effectively controlled the pathogens with an efficacy of 88.28%. This study has provided the potential biocontrol agents (BCAs) for wheat sharp eyespot disease.

Keywords: action mechanism; Bacillus subtilis; biocontrol agent; Rhizoctonia cerealis; wheat sharp eyespot (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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