Survey of Oomycetes Associated with Root and Crown Rot of Almond in Spain and Pathogenicity of Phytophthora niederhauserii and Phytopythium vexans to ‘Garnem’ Rootstock

Francisco Beluzán, Xavier Miarnau, Laura Torguet, Josep Armengol and Paloma Abad-Campos
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Francisco Beluzán: Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Xavier Miarnau: Fruitcentre, Fruit Production Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), PCiTAL, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Spain
Laura Torguet: Fruitcentre, Fruit Production Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), PCiTAL, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Spain
Josep Armengol: Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Paloma Abad-Campos: Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 2, 1-15

Abstract: From 2018 to 2020, surveys of oomycetes associated with root and crown rot of almond ( Prunus dulcis ) were conducted on diseased young almond trees in commercial orchards and nurseries in six provinces of Spain. A total of 104 oomycete isolates were obtained from plant and soil samples, which h were identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA. Diverse species belonging to the genera Globisporangium , Phytophthora , Phytopythium and Pythium were found, Phytopythium vexans and Phytophthora niederhauserii being the most frequent. The pathogenicity of these two species to one-year-old almond seedlings of ‘Garnem’ ( P. dulcis × P. persica ) rootstock was studied. All seedlings inoculated with Pp. vexans and Ph. niederhauserii isolates showed severe symptoms at the late stage of the pathogenicity test (defoliation, wilting and dieback) and several plants died. Some isolates of Ph. niederhauserii significantly reduced the dry weight of the roots compared with the control, but this effect was not observed in seedlings inoculated with Pp. vexans . These results provide new information about the oomycete species present in almond crops in Spain and highlight the importance of carrying out frequent phytosanitary surveys for a better knowledge of potential risks posed by these soil-borne pathogens.

Keywords: nut crops; PCR; plant-pathogen interactions; Prunus; soil-borne pathogens (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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