Effects of Phosphorus Application Rate on Lipid Synthesis and Eating Quality of Two Rice Grains

Ligong Peng, Guangyi Chen, Yunbiao Tu, Jin Wang, Yan Lan, Mingming Hu, Congmei Li, Xingmei He and Tian Li
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Ligong Peng: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
Guangyi Chen: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
Yunbiao Tu: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
Jin Wang: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
Yan Lan: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
Mingming Hu: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
Congmei Li: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
Xingmei He: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
Tian Li: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 5, 1-15

Abstract: Lipids are an important nutritional component of rice, and lipid content has an important effect on rice eating quality. However, the effects of the fertilizer application rate on lipid synthesis and eating quality of rice are poorly understood. To investigate the effects of phosphorus (P) fertilizer on lipid synthesis and eating quality of rice, we used Nanjing (NJ) 9108 (japonica) and IR72 (indica) rice as experimental materials, and four P levels, P0 (0 kg ha −1 ), P1 (45 kg ha −1 ), P2 (67.5 kg ha −1 ) and P3 (135 kg ha −1 ). The results showed that the lipid, free fatty acid (FFA) content, unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content, malonyl-CoA (MCA) content, phosphatidic acid (PA) content, lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and eating quality of both cultivars increased with increasing P. However, the saturated fatty acid (SFA) content showed the opposite trend. No significant differences were found in pyruvate (PYR) content between P treatments. Protein and oxaloacetic acid (OAA) contents and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) activity first increased and then decreased with increasing P, which indicated that high P levels could stimulate lipid synthesis more than protein synthesis. Overall, increasing P optimized fatty acid components and increased the lipid content and eating quality of rice by enhancing lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and regulating substrate competition for lipid and protein synthesis. The optimal P application rate for lipid synthesis and eating quality of both cultivars was 135 kg ha −1 .

Keywords: rice; phosphorus application rate; lipid content; lipid synthesis-related enzyme; fatty acid components; eating quality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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