Coping Strategies of Smallholder Coffee Farmers under the COVID-19 Impact in Indonesia

Suci Wulandari, Fadjry Djufry and Renato Villano
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Suci Wulandari: Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development, Bogor 16111, Indonesia
Fadjry Djufry: Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Jakarta 12540, Indonesia
Renato Villano: UNE Business School, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia

Agriculture, 2022, vol. 12, issue 5, 1-18

Abstract: COVID-19 significantly impacts coffee production, which smallholders dominate. Unaddressed impacts will affect coffee production sustainability. However, smallholders face some constraints. This study aims to determine the impact of COVID-19 from the perspective of Arabica and Robusta farmers in Indonesia, examine technical recommendations as coping strategies, and develop an institutional model to accelerate implementation. We analyzed the divergences in the perceptions of different categories and clusters using farm-level data. Descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney analysis, cluster analysis, and crosstab analysis were used to explore the facts. Immediate effects of COVID-19 were observed through a decline in household income, impacting the allocation of farming costs, which influences productivity related to the intensity of cultivation, particularly in purchasing and fertilization decisions. It was explored by the study that coffee livestock integration is an important strategy to improve farmers’ livelihood to mitigate the impact. The innovation sharing model complements this technical recommendation as institutional recommendations, including innovation sharing elements and processes. Four farmer clusters have been identified based on the adoption spectrum and farmer conditions. The intervention provides innovation-sharing elements for farmers who have not adopted integration. Where integration was partially completed, reusing waste is recommended by completing innovation elements and improving the sharing process.

Keywords: productivity; coffee; smallholders; integrated farming; innovation sharing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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