Myristic Acid Regulates Triglyceride Production in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells through the Ubiquitination Pathway

Mengxue Hu, Peifu Wu, Aiwei Guo and Lily Liu ()
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Mengxue Hu: College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
Peifu Wu: College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
Aiwei Guo: College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
Lily Liu: College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-12

Abstract: This study investigated the regulatory mechanism of myristic acid on milk fat synthesis in cows. An association between myristic acid and high milk fat content in Zhongdian yaks’ guts was found through combined metagenomic and metabolomic analysis. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) were cultured and treated with various myristic acid concentrations. After 24 h, the protein expression levels of CD36 (membrane glycoprotein CD36), ADFP (adipose differentiation-related protein), and UB (ubiquitin) were analyzed, along with cellular proteasome activity, triglyceride content, lipid droplets, and cell viability. Myristic acid at 200 μM significantly upregulated CD36, ADFP, UB, the content of triglyceride content and lipid droplets, and cell viability, but did not affect proteasome activity. Pathway analysis revealed that myristic acid regulates milk fat synthesis through ubiquitination–lysosome and ubiquitination–proteasome pathways. The study demonstrates myristic acid’s role in regulating triglyceride synthesis in MAC-T cells and its potential application as a feed additive for cattle, benefitting the dairy industry’s milk production efficiency and economic outcomes.

Keywords: lipid droplets; myristic acid; MAC-T cells; triglycerides; ubiquitination pathway (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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