Organic Amendment for Disinfecting Soil Alters the Metabolites in Spinacia oleracea

Alicia Hernández-Lara (), Margarita Ros, Almudena Giménez, Diego A. Moreno, Francisco J. Díaz-Galiano, María Jesús Martínez-Bueno, Pedro Lozano-Pastor and José Antonio Pascual
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Alicia Hernández-Lara: Grupo de Enzimologia y Biorremediación de Suelos, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Margarita Ros: Grupo de Enzimologia y Biorremediación de Suelos, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Almudena Giménez: Department of Agronomical Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
Diego A. Moreno: Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Francisco J. Díaz-Galiano: Department of Physics and Chemistry, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
María Jesús Martínez-Bueno: Department of Physics and Chemistry, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
Pedro Lozano-Pastor: Department of Research and Development, Verdimed, 30730 San Javier, Spain
José Antonio Pascual: Grupo de Enzimologia y Biorremediación de Suelos, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 12, 1-17

Abstract: Solar radiation and the incorporation of compost into soil is a practice for disinfecting soil that could have some other effects on spinach cultivation. The quality of spinach leaves after two types of soil disinfection, non-amended soil (NAS) and compost-amended soil (CAS), was compared in order to find biomarkers of both types of disinfection. These practices did not show significant differences in nutrient composition (N-P-K) compared to the control soil (CS). However, the amount of harmful nutrients such as NO 2 − was significantly lower in CAS (65.74 mg kg −1 FW) and NAS (49.99 mg kg −1 FW) than in CS (114.39 mg kg −1 FW). In addition, NO 3 − levels did not exceed the EU-recommended limit (<3500 mg kg −1 FW). Both types of disinfected soils produced higher concentrations of total phenols and more individual flavonoids in spinach leaves than the control. Combined chemometric analysis of the HRAMS data showed different clustering depending on the type of disinfection (NAS and CAS). Fifteen metabolite compounds could be identified, seven of which are beneficial for health and were more abundant in spinach grown in CAS compared to that grown in NAS or CS. Such beneficial metabolites measured with non-target analysis as markers of CAS-grown spinach. However, more studies are necessary in order to determine the differences between the metabolites of spinach grown in NAS or CAS.

Keywords: HRAMS; mineral nutrients; bioactive compounds; soil disinfection; compost; Spinacia oleracea L. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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