Studies of Oat-Maize Hybrids Tolerance to Soil Drought Stress

Tomasz Warzecha (), Roman Bathelt, Edyta Skrzypek, Marzena Warchoł, Jan Bocianowski and Agnieszka Sutkowska
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Tomasz Warzecha: Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Kraków, Poland
Roman Bathelt: Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Kraków, Poland
Edyta Skrzypek: Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
Marzena Warchoł: Department of Biotechnology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
Jan Bocianowski: Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
Agnieszka Sutkowska: Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Łobzowska 24, 31-140 Kraków, Poland

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, 1-15

Abstract: The ontogenesis and yield formation in crop plants are modified by environmental conditions. Due to climatic change detected over two decades, the harmful influence of abiotic factors is increasing. One of the most threatening issues reducing plant productivity is drought stress. The strength of plant response to water shortages could differ depending on the strength of the drought stress, type of crop, genetic background, presence of additional stresses, and stage of plant development. There are examples of sexual hybridization between crop plants like oat ( Avena sativa L.) and maize ( Zea mays L.) with which stable fertile hybrids were generated. Additional maize chromosomes in oat plants (oat × maize addition, OMA) often infer morphological and physiological (e.g., PS II photosystem activity and chlorophyll production) changes modulated by the interaction of certain maize chromosomes added to the oat genome. The aim of the research was to evaluate the chosen physiological, biochemical, and agronomic parameters of OMA plants subjected to soil drought. Analysis of variance indicated that the main effects of genotype as well as treatment × genotype interaction were significant for all the traits studied (photosynthetic pigment content, selected PSII indices, mass of stem, number of grains/plant, mass of grains/plant). Most of the examined lines severely reduced PSII photosystem parameters, pigment content, and yield-related traits under drought stress. The results indicated that two lines (9 and 78b) retained high yielding potential under drought stress compared to commercial cv. Bingo.

Keywords: agronomic traits; drought stress; maize; oat; OMA; photosynthetic pigments; PSII photosystem (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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