Role of Non-Structural Sugar Metabolism in Regulating Tuber Dormancy in White Yam ( Dioscorea rotundata )

Jeremiah S. Nwogha (), Wosene G. Abtew, Muthurajan Raveendran, Happiness O. Oselebe, Jude E. Obidiegwu, Cynthia A. Chilaka and Damodarasamy D. Amirtham
Additional contact information
Jeremiah S. Nwogha: Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 307, Ethiopia
Wosene G. Abtew: Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 307, Ethiopia
Muthurajan Raveendran: Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
Happiness O. Oselebe: Department of Crop Production and Land Scape Management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki PMB 53, Nigeria
Jude E. Obidiegwu: Yam Research Programme, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike 440001, Nigeria
Cynthia A. Chilaka: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
Damodarasamy D. Amirtham: Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, 1-18

Abstract: Changes in sugar composition occur continuously in plant tissues at different developmental stages. Tuber dormancy induction, stability, and breaking are very critical developmental transitions in yam crop production. Prolonged tuber dormancy after physiological maturity has constituted a great challenge in yam genetic improvement and productivity. In the present study, biochemical profiling of non-structural sugar in yam tubers during dormancy was performed to determine the role of non-structural sugar in yam tuber dormancy regulation . Two genotypes of the white yam species, one local genotype ( Obiaoturugo ) and one improved genotype ( TDr1100873 ), were used for this study. Tubers were sampled at 42, 56, 87, 101, 115, and 143 days after physiological maturity (DAPM). Obiaoturugo exhibited a short dormant phenotype and sprouted at 101-DAPM, whereas TDr1100873 exhibited a long dormant phenotype and sprouted at 143-DAPM. Significant metabolic changes were observed in non-structural sugar parameters, dry matter, and moisture content in Obiaoturugo from 56-DAPM, whereas in TDr1100873, significant metabolic changes were observed from 101-DAPM. It was observed that the onset of these metabolic changes occurred at a point when the tubers of both genotypes exhibited a dry matter content of 60%, indicating that a dry matter content of 60% might be a critical threshold for white yam tuber sprouting. Non-reducing sugars increased by 9–10-fold during sprouting in both genotypes, which indicates their key role in tuber dormancy regulation in white yam. This result implicates that some key sugar metabolites can be targeted for dormancy manipulation of the yam crop.

Keywords: sugars; metabolism; yam; tuber; genotypes; dormancy; regulation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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