Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Varronia curassavica Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale

Jéssica Pires Farias, Ana Luisa Alves Nogueira Barros, Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo-Nobre, Enoque Pereira Costa Sobrinho-Júnior, Michel Muálem de Moraes Alves, Fernando Aécio de Amorim Carvalho, Klinger Antonio da Franca Rodrigues, Ivanilza Moreira de Andrade, Francisco Artur e Silva-Filho, Daniel Carneiro Moreira, David Fernandes Lima, Massimo Lucarini, Alessandra Durazzo (), Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo and José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite ()
Additional contact information
Jéssica Pires Farias: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, Brazil
Ana Luisa Alves Nogueira Barros: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus DarcyRibeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo-Nobre: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, Brazil
Enoque Pereira Costa Sobrinho-Júnior: Laboratório de Atividade Antileishmania, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Ininga, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
Michel Muálem de Moraes Alves: Laboratório de Atividade Antileishmania, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Ininga, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
Fernando Aécio de Amorim Carvalho: Laboratório de Atividade Antileishmania, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Ininga, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
Klinger Antonio da Franca Rodrigues: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, Brazil
Ivanilza Moreira de Andrade: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, Brazil
Francisco Artur e Silva-Filho: Programa de Pós-graduação em Química, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Parnaíba 64002-150, Brazil
Daniel Carneiro Moreira: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus DarcyRibeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
David Fernandes Lima: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Paulo Afonso 48605-560, Brazil
Massimo Lucarini: CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
Alessandra Durazzo: CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo: Laboratório de Atividade Antileishmania, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Ininga, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite: Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, Brazil

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, 1-13

Abstract: Considering the therapeutic potential of Varronia curassavica Jacq. essential oil and the great value in the pharmaceutical market, this study aims to evaluate the influence of plant age on the chemical composition and biological activities of V. curassavica Jacq. essential oil. The plant age is a parameter that can influence the chemical composition of the essential oil, as well as its pharmacological potential. For this purpose, essential oils from aerial parts of V. curassavica produced at different ages (4, 10, 14 and 18 months-age) were used. According to chromatograms obtained by GC-MS, the essential oils were mainly composed of α-pinene, trans -caryophyllene, α-santalene, alloaromadendrene and α-humulene. The chemical composition of V. curassavica essential oils varied qualitatively and quantitatively with the aging of the plants, and the essential oils from plants at 18 month-age appeared to be the most distinct from the others. The tested essential oil samples showed inhibitory activity against Candida albicans (MIC = 1000 µg/mL) but did not show antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria. The cytotoxic activity levels against the murine macrophages varied among the oils extracted from the plants at different ages; the IC 50 values of the essential oils increased with age (171.90 µg/mL at 18 month-age). More studies should be carried out to assess whether age also affects the therapeutic effects of essential oils, resulting in the manufacture of plant-derived formulations that balance production costs, toxicity and therapeutic effects.

Keywords: Cordia verbenacea; essential oil; medicinal plant; GC/MS; antifungal; cytotoxicity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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