Modelling Vineyard Spraying by Precisely Assessing the Duty Cycles of a Blast Sprayer Controlled by Pulse-Width-Modulated Nozzles

Verónica Saiz-Rubio, Coral Ortiz (), Antonio Torregrosa, Enrique Ortí, Montano Pérez, Andrés Cuenca and Francisco Rovira-Más
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Verónica Saiz-Rubio: Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Coral Ortiz: Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Antonio Torregrosa: Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Enrique Ortí: Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Montano Pérez: Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Andrés Cuenca: Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Francisco Rovira-Más: Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 2, 1-14

Abstract: The flowrate control of spraying systems with pulse-width-modulated solenoid valves is currently being implemented for precision herbicide application in commodity crops, but solutions for fruit trees set in orchards that require higher pressures are mostly in the development stage. A reason for this has been the higher flowrate and pressure requirements of blast sprayers used for dense canopies typical of high value crops. In the present study, the duty cycles preset by an operator were compared to the actual ones estimated from measuring flowrates. A new developed air-assisted orchard sprayer with shelf hollow disc-cone nozzles was studied, such that flowrates and pressures were registered by a computer for different duty cycles commanded by an operator from 10% to 100% in intervals of 10%. In addition to sensor data, visual assessment was carried out via high-speed video images. The results showed that preset duty cycles were always more than 10% lower than the actual DC estimated from measured flowrates. The effective operational range of the duty cycles went from 20% to 80%. In general, the deviations in transitional periods were higher for lower duty cycles, being difficult to determine the real reduction in flowrate during the transition periods. A correction model has been proposed to adjust the preset duty cycles to make sure that the necessary spray flowrate is released as precisely commanded by prescription maps. Further research will be needed to verify the proper implementation of the developed correction model in field applications.

Keywords: precision spraying; blast sprayer; PWM nozzles; duty cycle (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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