Fate of Copper in Saline–Alkali Soil with Long-Term Application of Biogas Residue

Binhao Liu, Shengxiao Wang, Pengcheng Dong, Xinzhe Zhang, Long Zhang, Chen Chen, Xihui Xu, Yan Xia, Zhenguo Shen, Liang Shi and Yahua Chen ()
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Binhao Liu: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Shengxiao Wang: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Pengcheng Dong: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Xinzhe Zhang: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Long Zhang: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Chen Chen: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Xihui Xu: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Yan Xia: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Zhenguo Shen: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Liang Shi: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Yahua Chen: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 4, 1-18

Abstract: The retention of copper (Cu) in saline–alkali soil (SAS) during long-term application of biogas residue (BR) with a high concentration of Cu raises concerns. In this work, the fate of Cu was detected using adsorption isotherms, scanning electron microscope—energy dispersive spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, isothermal titration calorimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and microzone X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The results showed that the main groups for Cu adsorption by SAS and BR were carboxyl, hydroxyl, amide and amine. The adsorption of Cu by the carboxyl group was entropy–enthalpy co-driven (|ΔH| < |TΔS|, ΔH < 0). The adsorption of Cu by the amine group was entropy-driven (|ΔH| > |TΔS|, ΔH > 0). The adsorption of Cu on the SAS and BR was achieved by organic matter rather than minerals. The degradation of BR in the SAS increases the content of Cu adsorption groups such as carboxyl and amine groups, and Cu was adsorbed on the surface or inside SAS through organic groups. This study provides further theoretical support for the application of BR in SAS.

Keywords: copper fate; biogas residue; complexation; redox; degradation; adsorb (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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