Influence of Factors Determining Weeds’ Plant Tissue Reaction to the Electric Pulse Damage Impact

Igor Yudaev, Yuliia Daus, Vladimir Panchenko and Vadim Bolshev
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Igor Yudaev: Energy Department, Kuban State Agrarian University, Krasnodar 350044, Russia
Yuliia Daus: Energy Department, Kuban State Agrarian University, Krasnodar 350044, Russia
Vladimir Panchenko: Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Russian University of Transport, Moscow 127994, Russia
Vadim Bolshev: Laboratory of Power Supply and Heat Supply, Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow 109428, Russia

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 5, 1-16

Abstract: Due to the emerging danger to the life of animals and people, today there is a turn to safe technologies for controlling weeds by physical methods, both from the point of view of ecology and food safety, which include the destruction of plants using an electric current, in particular, high-voltage electrical pulses. The purpose of the study presented in the article is to identify and evaluate the effect of high-voltage electrical pulses on the irreversible damage to the intracellular structures of the plant tissue of weeds and unwanted grasses during their electric weed control, characterizing and evaluating the parameters and modes associated with such processing. Experimental studies were carried out using a laboratory experimental setup that consists of a pulse voltage generator, a control circuit for a spherical forming spark gap, and schemes for measuring the electrical resistance of the plant tissue of the weed sample. The lesion level made it possible to control the depth of irreversible damage to the internal structure of the plant tissue of weeds by measuring its tolerance (the conductivity of the tissue increased with increasing damage to the cellular components of the tissue).The irreversible damage to the plant tissues of weeds for weeds of various biological groups, which is characterized by reaching the value of at least 4.0–7.5 degrees of damage to their tissues, can be acted on them with high-voltage electrical pulses in the treated tissue of an electric field intensity of at least 3.74 kV/cm, while ensuring specific processing electric energy for the reliable processing of weeds: for Euphórbia virgáta, thise quals 5.2…17.5 J/cm 3 ; for Amaránthus retrofléxus, it is 3.5…7.7 J/cm 3 ; for Cirsium arvense, it is 2.7…10.9 J/cm 3 ;for Sónchus arvénsis, it is 3.7…15.8 J/cm 3 ; and for Lactúca tatárica, it is 3.3…8.1 J/cm 3 .

Keywords: high-voltage electrical pulse; processing; plant tissue; irreversible damage; intracellular structure (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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