Assessment of Cytomorphological Differences in Sorghum Fertility Restoration

Krishnananda Ingle (), Mangesh Moharil, Santosh Gahukar, Praveen Jadhav, Rameshwar Ghorade, Niranjan Thakur, Krishna Kasanaboina and Stanislaus Antony Ceasar ()
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Krishnananda Ingle: College of Agriculture, Koneru Lakshmaiah University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur P.O. Box 522502, AP, India
Mangesh Moharil: Biotechnology Centre, Department of Agricultural Botany, Post Graduate Institute, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Krishi Nagar, Akola P.O. Box 444101, MH, India
Santosh Gahukar: Biotechnology Centre, Department of Agricultural Botany, Post Graduate Institute, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Krishi Nagar, Akola P.O. Box 444101, MH, India
Praveen Jadhav: Biotechnology Centre, Department of Agricultural Botany, Post Graduate Institute, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Krishi Nagar, Akola P.O. Box 444101, MH, India
Rameshwar Ghorade: Department of Agricultural Botany, Post Graduate Institute, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Krishi Nagar, Akola P.O. Box 444101, MH, India
Niranjan Thakur: Department of Agricultural Botany, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agriculture University, Parbhani P.O. Box 431402, MH, India
Krishna Kasanaboina: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad P.O. Box 500030, TS, India
Stanislaus Antony Ceasar: Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi P.O. Box 683104, KL, India

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 5, 1-14

Abstract: Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is ranked fifth as a cereal crop after maize, rice, wheat, and barley based on global cultivation area. However, heat and drought stresses cause improper fertility restoration and inefficient pollination, severely affecting sorghum productivity. The discovery of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a milestone for commercializing hybrids. This study assessed the pollen fertility and in vitro pollen germination percentage of male and female lines and F 1 hybrids of sorghum using two years of pooled data with multivariate analysis. The principal component analysis (PCA) of female and male lines showed that PC1 represented 82.8% of the variation, whereas PCA of hybrids revealed a significant genetic divergence of 97.1%. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering marked that cluster II genotypes have a high pollen fertility contribution, which can generate superior and high-yielding hybrids. Three male-sterile lines exhibited 100% pollen sterility, with morphological attributes, viz., pinpointed, flattened, low anther extrusion, and starch-digested pollens. Pollen fertility restoration behavior revealed that nine hybrids were fully fertile, eighteen were partially fertile, and three were completely sterile amongst thirty hybrids. The findings of this study will facilitate the identification of potential restorers for the exploitation of high-yielding hybrids in sorghum breeding programs.

Keywords: AHC; CMS; in vitro pollen germination; PCA; pollen fertility; programmed cell death (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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