Evaluation of Coffea arabica Cultivars for Resistance to Meloidogyne konaensis

Roxana Myers (), Cathy Mello, Chifumi Nagai, Brent Sipes and Tracie Matsumoto
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Roxana Myers: Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
Cathy Mello: Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
Chifumi Nagai: Hawaii Agriculture Research Center, Waipahu, HI 96797, USA
Brent Sipes: Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Tracie Matsumoto: Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Hilo, HI 96720, USA

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 6, 1-6

Abstract: Coffee is an important agricultural crop for the State of Hawaii. Developing new coffee cultivars with resistance to damaging pests and diseases is crucial for improving production and maintaining the profitability of the industry. With the recent discovery of Hemileia vastatrix , coffee leaf rust (CLR), to Hawaii there is a strong interest in replanting with CLR-resistant germplasm. However, when selecting an appropriate cultivar for replanting, susceptibility to other pathogens, such as plant-parasitic nematodes, should be taken into consideration. Meloidogyne konaensis , the Kona coffee root-knot nematode, causes severe destruction of the root system, reducing the yield and causing the mortality of susceptible Coffea arabica cv. Typica trees. Fortunately, resistance to root-knot nematodes has been found in some C. arabica germplasm. In this study, accessions of wild Ethiopian C. arabica and two CLR-resistant C. arabica cultivars, Tupi-HI and Obata, were evaluated for resistance to M. konaensis in a greenhouse bioassay. All Ethiopian accessions retained high levels of resistance, resulting in reproductive factors (Rfs) lower than 1.0, and low root-rot ratings. Tupi-HI was highly susceptible to M. konanensis , with an Rf value of 7.12, whereas Obata was slightly susceptible, with an Rf value of 2.33. Both cultivars had high root-rot ratings, suggesting intolerance to the nematode. Hybridizing Ethiopian C. arabica with Tupi-HI or Obata may result in new elite cultivars, resistant to both H. vastatrix and M. konaensis .

Keywords: Coffea arabica; coffee; host–plant resistance; Meloidogyne konaensis; root-knot nematode (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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