Analysis of Principal Components for the Assessment of Silage Corn Hybrid Performance under Water Deficit

Aryadne Rhoana Dias Chaves, Lucas Gonçalves Moraes, Alejandro Soares Montaño, Fernando França da Cunha () and Gustavo de Faria Theodoro ()
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Aryadne Rhoana Dias Chaves: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Avenida Senador Felinto Müller, 2443, Campus UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
Lucas Gonçalves Moraes: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Avenida Senador Felinto Müller, 2443, Campus UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
Alejandro Soares Montaño: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Avenida Senador Felinto Müller, 2443, Campus UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
Fernando França da Cunha: Department of Agricultural Engineering (DEA), Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
Gustavo de Faria Theodoro: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Avenida Senador Felinto Müller, 2443, Campus UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 7, 1-14

Abstract: Corn is an important crop for animal production systems. Owing to climate change, it is important to understand the behavior of commercial corn hybrids under low soil water availability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphogenic characteristics and yields of silage corn hybrids subjected to different water conditions using univariate and multivariate analyses. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme with four replications. Corn hybrids (AGRI104, AGRI320, AGRI330, AGRI340, and AGRI360) and water replacement levels (50% and 100% replacement of crop evapotranspiration—ETc) were considered as factors. A water replacement level of 50% ETc was defined as a severe water deficit that persisted for 46 days from V7 until harvesting (R3). Plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, chlorophyll index, water productivity, fresh and dry mass, and dry matter of the shoot and root systems were evaluated. An analysis of variance and a mean test of isolated variables were carried out, and a multivariate perspective, through principal components was performed. In general, the replacement of 50% ETc changed the morphophysiological characteristics of the plants; however, it was only possible to classify the hybrids through a principal components analysis. The best performing hybrids, regardless of the water replacement levels, were AGRI340 and AGRI360.

Keywords: Zea mays; abiotic stress; water use efficient; sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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