Germplasm Diversification in Citrus Orchards in a Mesothermal Climate in Brazil

Gabriel Maluf Napoleão (), Sarita Leonel, Jackson Mirellys Azevedo Souza, Magali Leonel, Rafaelly Calsavara Martins, Caroline Pardine Cardoso, Marco Antonio Tecchio and Jaime Duarte Filho
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Gabriel Maluf Napoleão: Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture (FCA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, São Paulo, Brazil
Sarita Leonel: Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture (FCA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, São Paulo, Brazil
Jackson Mirellys Azevedo Souza: Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Magali Leonel: Center for Tropical Root and Starches (CERAT), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, São Paulo, Brazil
Rafaelly Calsavara Martins: Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture (FCA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, São Paulo, Brazil
Caroline Pardine Cardoso: Department of Biodiversity and Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
Marco Antonio Tecchio: Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture (FCA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, São Paulo, Brazil
Jaime Duarte Filho: Regional Development Coordination, Department of Agriculture and Supply of the State of São Paulo, Botucatu 18607-050, São Paulo, Brazil

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 8, 1-26

Abstract: The limited scion-rootstock combinations used in sweet orange orchards in Brazil reduce the commercial potential of citrus and lead to greater susceptibility to pests and diseases. Aiming to provide germplasm diversification, the research evaluated the Folha Murcha (FM) and Charmute de Brotas (CB) orange trees grafted onto ‘Rangpur’ lime (RL) and ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (SC) rootstocks. The study was conducted in the southern center of the state of São Paulo, in the subtropical region of southeastern Brazil. The grafted trees were planted in September 2016. The field experiment was conducted over two seasons. The combinations were evaluated based on the duration in days and degree-days of the phenological intervals, growth and yield performance, alternate bearing, fruit ripening, and quality. The trees of the two scion cultivars grafted onto RL had the shortest crop cycle, the earliest fruit ripening, and the largest canopy volume. SC produced fewer alternate bearings with greater production efficiency. The CB/SC combination produced fruits with a better color index, higher total soluble solids content, and a higher technological index. This assessment can be useful in planning orchards for dual-purpose markets, such as table fruit and the juice industry.

Keywords: alternate bearing; canopy volume; Citrus limonia Osbeck; Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck; [ P. trifoliata (L.) Raf × Citrus paradisi Macf.]; degree-days; fruit ripening; rootstock; scion (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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