Genomic-Mediated Breeding Strategies for Global Warming in Chickpeas ( Cicer arietinum L.)

Shailesh Kumar Jain, Eric J. von Wettberg, Sumer Singh Punia, Ashok Kumar Parihar (), Amrit Lamichaney, Jitendra Kumar, Debjyoti Sen Gupta, Sarfraz Ahmad, Naveen Chandra Pant, Girish Prasad Dixit, Hatice Sari, Duygu Sari, Amar Ma’ruf, Pelin Toker and Cengiz Toker ()
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Shailesh Kumar Jain: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University Jobner, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India
Eric J. von Wettberg: Plant and Soil Science and Gund Institute for the Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
Sumer Singh Punia: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University Jobner, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India
Ashok Kumar Parihar: ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India
Amrit Lamichaney: ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India
Jitendra Kumar: ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India
Debjyoti Sen Gupta: ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India
Sarfraz Ahmad: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University Jobner, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India
Naveen Chandra Pant: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University Jobner, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India
Girish Prasad Dixit: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University Jobner, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India
Hatice Sari: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
Duygu Sari: Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, TR-07070 Antalya, Türkiye
Amar Ma’ruf: Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, TR-07070 Antalya, Türkiye
Pelin Toker: Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, TR-07070 Antalya, Türkiye
Cengiz Toker: Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, TR-07070 Antalya, Türkiye

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 9, 1-32

Abstract: Although chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) has high yield potential, its seed yield is often low and unstable due to the impact of abiotic stresses, such as drought and heat. As a result of global warming, both drought and heat are estimated to be major yield constraints between one-quarter and one-third per annum. In the present review, genomic-mediated breeding strategies to increase resilience against global warming. Exacerbated drought and heat stresses have been examined to understand the latest advancement happening for better management of these challenges. Resistance mechanisms for drought and heat stresses consist of (i) escape via earliness, (ii) avoidance via morphological traits such as better root traits, compound leaves, or multipinnate leaves and double-/multiple-podded traits, and (iii) tolerance via molecular and physiological traits, such as special tissue and cellular abilities. Both stresses in chickpeas are quantitatively governed by minor genes and are profoundly influenced by edaphic and other environmental conditions. High-yield genotypes have traditionally been screened for resistance to drought and heat stresses in the target selection environment under stress conditions or in the simulacrum mediums under controlled conditions. There are many drought- and heat-tolerant genotypes among domestic and wild Cicer chickpeas, especially in accessions of C. reticulatum Ladiz., C. echinospermum P.H. Davis, and C. turcicum Toker, J. Berger, and Gokturk. The delineation of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genes allied to drought- and heat-related attributes have paved the way for designing stress-tolerant cultivars in chickpeas. Transgenic and “omics” technologies hold newer avenues for the basic understanding of background metabolic exchanges of QTLs/candidate genes for their further utilization. The overview of the effect of drought and heat stresses, its mechanisms/adaptive strategies, and markers linked to stress-related traits with their genetics and sources are pre-requisites for framing breeding programs of chickpeas with the intent of imparting drought tolerance. Ideotype chickpeas for resistance to drought and heat stresses were, therefore, developed directly using marker-aided selection over multiple locations. The current understanding of molecular breeding supported by functional genomics and omics technologies in developing drought- and heat-tolerant chickpea is discussed in this review.

Keywords: drought tolerance; heat tolerance; morphological and physiological traits; conventional breeding; QTLs; marker-assisted selection; omics technology; genetic engineering; chickpea (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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