Effects of Seed Quality and Hybrid Type on Maize Germination and Yield in Hungary

Suhana Omar, Rosnani Abd Ghani, Noriza Khalid, Márton Jolánkai, Ákos Tarnawa, Attila Percze, Péter Pál Mikó and Zoltán Kende ()
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Suhana Omar: Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u.1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Rosnani Abd Ghani: Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u.1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Noriza Khalid: Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u.1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Márton Jolánkai: Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u.1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Ákos Tarnawa: Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u.1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Attila Percze: Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u.1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Péter Pál Mikó: Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u.1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
Zoltán Kende: Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u.1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary

Agriculture, 2023, vol. 13, issue 9, 1-17

Abstract: After wheat and rice, maize is one of the most significant cereal crops worldwide. However, high-quality seed materials are prerequisites for stable yields, and low-quality maize seeds significantly contribute to low yields and deteriorate over time. Therefore, the present investigation aims to investigate the effects of seed quality and hybrid types on maize germination by emphasizing seed viability and vigor and their impact on maize crops’ overall performance and productivity. The study was separately conducted in the laboratory and on a field experiment plot under the Department of Crop Production, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, in spring 2022. Nine parental lines, six hybrids, and a controlled hybrid were tested in this study. The studies were laid out using a complete randomization design (CRD) and a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in the laboratory and in the field. The results of the study showed that there was a statistically significant difference between genotypes and number of days and their interaction in seed vigor. The parental lines showed better performance in terms of germination percentage and radicle elongation, whereas single-cross hybrids (SC) produced better plumule length. The radicle and plumule length also expanded significantly as incubation days increased. In field evaluations, as expected, hybrid lines produced better performance than parental lines, and SC hybrids were more prevalent than the other hybrids. In addition, the number of rows per ear, number of kernels per ear, 1000-kernel weight, and ear weight directly affected the final grain yield. However, further research is needed on new approaches that can assist researchers in advancing their work by considering biotic and abiotic factors to address seed-quality issues and enhance yield production.

Keywords: seed quality; Zea mays; germination; yield performance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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