The Synergistic Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Spent Mushroom Substrate Improves Ginseng Quality and Rhizosphere Nutrients

Siyao Fan, Qian Hu, Qi Liu, Wenman Xu, Zixin Wang, Yu Huang, Yang Zhang (), Wenxiu Ji () and Weiwei Dong ()
Additional contact information
Siyao Fan: College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, China
Qian Hu: College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, China
Qi Liu: College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, China
Wenman Xu: College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, China
Zixin Wang: College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, China
Yu Huang: College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, China
Yang Zhang: Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun City 130000, China
Wenxiu Ji: College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, China
Weiwei Dong: College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji City 133002, China

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-20

Abstract: The ginseng industry’s reliance on chemicals for fertilizer and pesticides has adversely affected the environment and decreased the quality of ginseng; therefore, microbial inoculum is an effective way to restore the damaged soil in ginseng fields. To investigate the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on soil and plant quality in ginseng, high throughput sequencing was performed to examine the microbial community structures in ginseng rhizosphere soil. All treatments significantly increased soil nutrient, enzyme activity, and ginseng biomass compared to control ( p < 0.05). The combination of PGPR and SMS notably enhanced soil enzyme activities: urease (7.29%), sucrase (29.76%), acid phosphatase (13.24%), and amylase (38.25%) ( p < 0.05). All treatments had different effects on ginseng rhizosphere soil microbial diversity. Significantly, the combination treatments enhanced microbial diversity by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium and Plectosphaerella , meanwhile suppressing harmful Klebsiella . The relative abundance of Fusarium was reduced to some extent compared with the application of SMS alone. The soil organic matter, available potassium, available phosphorus, and alkaline nitrogen, as key factors, influenced microbial community structures. Overall, the combination of PGPR and SMS positively impacted the rhizosphere environment and ginseng plant quality.

Keywords: soil rhizosphere; ginseng; microorganism; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/11/1880/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/11/1880/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:11:p:1880-:d:1505450

Access Statistics for this article

Agriculture is currently edited by Ms. Leda Xuan

More articles in Agriculture from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().