Genetic Diversity and Genome-Wide Association Study of Pleurotus pulmonarius Germplasm

Qian Li, Xuebing Ying, Yashu Yang and Wei Gao ()
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Qian Li: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Xuebing Ying: Lin’an District Agricultural and Forestry Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 311300, China
Yashu Yang: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Wei Gao: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-19

Abstract: Pleurotus pulmonarius is prized by consumers for its distinct flavor, strong aroma, and dense, crispy texture. Although China has extensive germplasm resources for P. pulmonarius , only a limited number of cultivars are commercially available. A comprehensive evaluation and detailed analysis of P. pulmonarius germplasm, alongside the exploration of superior germplasm resources, are essential for developing new varieties. In this study, we resequenced the genomes of 47 P. pulmonarius strains collected nationwide, identifying a total of 4,430,948 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. After filtering based on minor allele frequency and data integrity, 181,731 high-quality SNP markers were retained. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the strains into six clusters, with strains from similar geographical regions clustering together. Most CBS strains formed a single cluster; cultivated varieties exhibited higher genetic similarity, whereas wild strains displayed greater diversity. Principal component analysis (PCA) and population structure analyses, using the same SNP markers, corroborated the phylogenetic findings. DNA fingerprinting, derived from 369 core SNPs, further underscored the genetic diversity among strains. Significant morphological variation was observed, with strains in groups ZP, CBS, and WHLJ exhibiting notably higher yields and cap widths compared to other groups. Correlation analysis revealed associations among various phenotypes, while genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified multiple SNP markers within candidate genes linked to agronomic traits, most of which were controlled by multiple genes. This research offers a molecular-level characterization and evaluation of P. pulmonarius germplasm resources, providing a scientific basis for enriching available germplasm and advancing breeding materials.

Keywords: Pleurotus pulmonarius; genetic diversity; genome-wide association study (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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