Antioxidant System of Scutellum During Germination and Early Growth of Maize Seedlings

José Isaac Corona-Carrillo, Sandra González, Gerardo Chávez Nájera and David Díaz-Pontones ()
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José Isaac Corona-Carrillo: Laboratory for Tissue Biochemistry, Department of Health Sciences, Division of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No 186, Col Vicentina Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
Sandra González: Laboratory for Tissue Biochemistry, Department of Health Sciences, Division of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No 186, Col Vicentina Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
Gerardo Chávez Nájera: Laboratory for Tissue Biochemistry, Department of Health Sciences, Division of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No 186, Col Vicentina Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
David Díaz-Pontones: Laboratory for Tissue Biochemistry, Department of Health Sciences, Division of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No 186, Col Vicentina Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico

Agriculture, 2024, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-25

Abstract: Maize is among the world’s three most important cereals because it is used for human consumption and agricultural feed. The embryo in monocotyledons contains a cotyledon that is the scutellum, which in Chalqueño maize constitutes approximately 80% of the embryo’s mass. The activation of metabolism during germination is accompanied by the production of reactive oxygen species, which must be maintained at a low level to avoid damage. Little is known about the oxidative state of the scutellum, but it is important to understand the control of oxidative stress during the final phase of germination and the embryo–seedling transition. Among the enzymes involved are class III peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), which were observed in the scutella of isolated imbibed embryos between 0 and 36 h. The activity of SOD fluctuated over a baseline value. The activity of class III POX was greater than that of CAT, showing differences between them in germination and postgermination. The activities of CAT and POX increased during germination (0 to 18 h), stabilized towards the final phase of germination (18 to 24 h), and then increased again in postgermination (24 to 36 h). The POX activity is a biochemical marker of the scutellum metabolism and marks the transition from germination to the embryo–seedling transition.

Keywords: Chalqueño maize; scutellum; antioxidant mechanism; germination; embryo–seedling transition (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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